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It was years ago when Max Planck published a paper that gave birth to quantum mechanics – or so the story goes. History reveals, however, that Planck did not immediately realize the consequences of his work and became a revolutionary against his will.
According to the standard story, which is unfortunately still found in many physics textbooks, quantum theory emerged when it was realized that classical physics predicts an energy distribution for black-body radiation that disagrees violently with that found experimentally.
In the late s, so the story continues, the German physicist Wilhelm Wien developed an expression that corresponded reasonably well with experiment but had no theoretical foundation. When Lord Rayleigh and James Jeans then analysed black-body radiation from the perspective of classical physics, the resulting spectrum differed drastically from both experiment and the Wien law.
Faced with this grave anomaly, Max Planck looked for a sol